Centralized Controller for Photovoltaic MPPT, Bidirectional Charging
To cope with the non-linearity, a bidirectional DC-DC converter based on time delay control (TDC) is designed and validated for lithium-ion battery application.
In addition, with the proposed strategies, the bidirectional charging/discharging capability of the battery is able to achieve the maximum PV power utilization. All the proposed strategies can be realized by the digital signal processor without adding any additional circuit, component, and communication mechanism.
As a result, the proposed bidirectional high gain charger gives a cost-effective, compact, highly reliable, and efficient charging option for LEV batteries and is readily applicable for the active charging of LEVs. Table 3. Comparison Among Conventional and Proposed EV Schemes.
The proposed BHGC mitigates the ripples from the charging current , reduces the risk of EMI noises [, , , ], and regulates the grid-to-vehicle (G2 V) as well as vehicle-to-grid (V2 G) operation. The solar PV with a conventional SEPIC converter charged the LEV battery while the grid supply is unavailable [, ].
Therefore, bidirectional power flow control strategies are proposed to achieve the maximum PV power utilization as well as to realize the hybrid charging methods. In addition, with the proposed strategies, the bidirectional charging/discharging capability of the battery is able to achieve the maximum PV power utilization.
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